UV tanning beds have become a popular way to achieve a bronzed glow all year round, but how do they actually work?
Whether you’re new to indoor tanning or looking to refine your routine, understanding the science behind UV can help you get the best results.
In this guide, we’ll break down everything you need to know, from how UV rays interact with your skin to choosing the right sunbed and routine for your goals.
Understanding UV Rays
UV (ultraviolet) radiation is a form of energy emitted by both the sun and artificial light sources like sunbeds. Melanin, which is the pigment responsible for your tan, interacts with the UV rays and how much your skin will tan.
There are three types of UV radiation, each with different properties and effects on the skin:
UVA Rays
The longest wavelength out of the three are UVA rays, which allows them to penetrate deep into the dermis, the skin’s thickest layer. Unlike UVB rays, which primarily affect the surface, UVA rays go beyond the outermost layer and reach deeper structures.
These rays stimulate an existing pigment called oxidised melanin, darkening it to produce an immediate tan. This is why UVA exposure often results in a quick but superficial tan that may fade faster than tans developed through UVB exposure.
Most sunbeds use a higher proportion of UVA rays to ensure a fast and even tan with a reduced risk of burning. However, results can sometimes be less long-lasting because they don’t stimulate new melanin production as strongly as UVB rays.
UVB Rays
Compared to UVA, the wavelength these rays emit is shorter, meaning they don’t penetrate as deeply. Instead, they primarily impact the epidermis (the outermost skin layer).
They stimulate the production of new melanin by triggering melanogenesis—the natural process where your skin produces more pigment to protect itself. This results in a tan that develops gradually but lasts longer than a UVA-induced tan.
Unlike UVA rays, which contribute mostly to pigmentation, they stimulate vitamin D synthesis in the skin. Vitamin D is essential for healthy bones, the immune system, and well-being. Some exposure to UVB is beneficial, but overexposure can lead to burning, as it is the primary culprit behind sunburn.
UVC Rays (You Won't Find at a Tanning Salon)
UVC rays have the shortest and most intense wavelengths, making them the most dangerous form of UV radiation.
Fortunately, they are completely filtered out by the Earth’s ozone layer and do not naturally reach us.
Indoor tanning does not emit UVC rays, ensuring that UVC exposure is not a concern for tanning when you use a sunbed.
How UV Tanning Beds Work
They’re designed to artificially replicate the sun’s tanning effects by emitting controlled UV radiation through specialised bulbs. Unlike outdoor tanning, where UV exposure depends on the weather, time of day, and location, they offer a consistent and measured approach to achieving a tan.
Sunbeds are designed to emit controlled levels of light, replicating the effects of natural sunlight. They use high-output fluorescent bulbs or quartz lamps, each engineered to deliver a specific ratio for deep tanning and to stimulate melanin production.
Personalise Your Tanning Session
Tailor your tanning experience to your needs by selecting the right bed, products, and routine for your ideal glow.
Adjusting to Your Skin's Tolerance
Tanning beds are not one-size-fits-all—they have different intensity levels and session lengths depending on your skin’s tolerance and the type that is used.
Most sunbeds allow adjustments to UV intensity, letting users build up a tan gradually to reduce the risk of overexposure.
Controlled UV Exposure for Even Tanning
- Unlike outdoor tanning, where shadows and angles can create uneven tanning, indoor tanning ensures uniform exposure across your entire body.
- The bulbs are positioned to distribute UV rays evenly, helping you avoid tan lines or patchy areas.
The Balance of Rays
The exposure time affects both the speed and longevity of your tan:
Higher UVA tanning beds= Faster, deeper immediate tan but fades more quickly.
Higher UVB tanning beds = Slower tan development but results are longer-lasting.
Nowadays, sunbeds can provide both, which helps deliver an instant tan while promoting lasting colour.
Temperature & Extra Features
Advanced tanning beds have built-in cooling systems to regulate temperature and prevent overheating, making sessions more comfortable.
Some even include aromatherapy, music, or adjustable intensity settings to enhance the experience.
Session Timing & Frequency
Depending on skin type and tanning goals, a session can range from 5 to 20 minutes.
Beginners start with shorter sessions to gradually build up their tan, while regular tanners may use higher intensity for maintenance.
By using a controlled, predictable environment, we can provide a consistent and efficient way to achieve a tan while reducing the unpredictability of natural sun exposure.
Types of UV Tanning Beds
There are two main types, each offering different outcomes:
Traditional Tanning Beds
Traditional models emits both UVA (around 95%) and UVB (around 5%), mimicking the sun’s rays but in a concentrated form. UVB triggers melanin production, while UVA darkens existing melanin, creating a gradual, buildable tan. These require multiple sessions to develop and maintain colour.
High-Pressure Sunbeds
High-pressure primarily emit UVA (over 99%) using filtered quartz lamps, allowing for a faster-developing, longer-lasting tan with minimal UVB exposure. With less skin shedding from UVB, the tan fades more slowly, requiring fewer maintenance sessions and reducing the risk of burning.
Experienced tanners often use them for a deeper, more intense tan, whereas traditional tanners provide a more gradual build-up suitable for all users.
Most modern tanning beds balance these rays to provide both immediate and long-term results, catering to different tanning preferences and skin types.
Choosing the Right Tanning Routine for Your Skin
To get the best tan, it’s important to tailor your tanning routine based on your goals and skin type.
- For a Gradual, Natural Tan: Start with shorter sessions and gradually increase exposure over time to allow your skin to adapt while minimising the risk of overexposure.
- For a Deeper, Longer-Lasting Tan: Consider using high-pressure beds with UVA-focused exposure. These create a darker tan that fades more slowly.
- For Maintaining an Existing Tan: Short, regular sessions help keep your tan even and fresh without overexposing your skin.
Enhancing the Tanning Process with Accelerators
You can use tanning accelerators to achieve your desired tanning faster while minimising the time spent in tanning beds.
These lotions boost melanin production, helping your skin respond more efficiently to UV exposure. Look for accelerators containing ingredients like:
- Tyrosine is a key amino acid that supports melanin production.
- Aloe Vera helps keep your skin hydrated, preventing dryness and peeling.
- Bronzers provide an instant glow while your natural tan develops.
Using a tanning accelerator can reduce your tanning session time while still achieving a rich, even tan.
Best Sunbed Tanning Practices
Tanning should be done in moderation to maintain healthy skin. Here are some key tips:
- Follow a sensible tanning schedule based on your skin type by giving your skin time to rest between sessions to avoid overexposure.
- Use protective eyewear by always wearing goggles to protect your eyes from UV radiation.
- Hydrate and moisturise your skin before and after tanning to enhance your results.
- Monitor your skin’s response, and if you notice redness or irritation, take a break to allow your skin to recover.
Unlock Your Best Tan
UV tanning beds offer a convenient way to achieve the bronzed look, and understanding how they work can help you build your tan correctly.
Whether aiming for a gradual tan, a deep bronze, or simply maintaining your glow, the proper tanning routine and products can make all the difference.
Ready to start your tanning routine? Discover the curated UV tanning equipment we use and find a convenient sunbed shop located near you at The Sunshine Co.
